人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)是指用于人(ren)員進出設備以便安裝(zhuang)、檢(jian)修和(he)(he)(he)安全(quan)檢(jian)查的開孔(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短(duan)筒節（或短(duan)管）、法蘭和(he)(he)(he)帶(dai)把手(shou)的人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋組成。從(cong)安全(quan)檢(jian)查考慮，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)容(rong)器要求開設的人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)數(shu)及其(qi)小(xiao)尺寸見“檢(jian)查孔(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)材(cai)料有(you)(you)碳鋼和(he)(he)(he)不銹(xiu)鋼。按受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)情況人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分(fen)為常(chang)(chang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；按形(xing)狀人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分(fen)為圓形(xing)、橢圓形(xing)和(he)(he)(he)矩形(xing)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)僅適(shi)用于常(chang)(chang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)設備；按安裝(zhuang)位置人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分(fen)為水平和(he)(he)(he)垂直安裝(zhuang)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋固(gu)定方式有(you)(you)迥(jiong)轉蓋和(he)(he)(he)吊蓋；人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)開后(hou)速(su)度有(you)(you)普通(tong)式和(he)(he)(he)快(kuai)開式，人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)結構和(he)(he)(he)尺寸一般都已標準化(hua)，可(ke)參照有(you)(you)關手(shou)冊(ce)選用或設計(ji)。