人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)是指用(yong)(yong)于人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出(chu)設(she)備以便安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)、檢修和(he)安(an)(an)全(quan)檢查的開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短筒節（或短管）、法蘭和(he)帶把手(shou)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組成。從安(an)(an)全(quan)檢查考(kao)慮(lv)，壓(ya)力容(rong)器要求(qiu)開(kai)設(she)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其小尺寸(cun)見“檢查孔(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有(you)(you)碳鋼(gang)和(he)不銹鋼(gang)。按受壓(ya)情況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為常壓(ya)和(he)受壓(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)；按形狀(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為圓形、橢圓形和(he)矩形人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于常壓(ya)設(she)備；按安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為水平和(he)垂直安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固定(ding)方式(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)迥轉(zhuan)蓋(gai)和(he)吊蓋(gai)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)開(kai)后(hou)速度有(you)(you)普(pu)通式(shi)(shi)和(he)快開(kai)式(shi)(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)結構和(he)尺寸(cun)一(yi)般(ban)都已標準化，可參照有(you)(you)關(guan)手(shou)冊選用(yong)(yong)或設(she)計。