人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是指用于人(ren)員進出(chu)設(she)備以便安(an)裝(zhuang)、檢(jian)(jian)修和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)的(de)開孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構(gou)。主(zhu)要由短(duan)筒節（或(huo)短(duan)管）、法蘭和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)帶把手的(de)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組(zu)成(cheng)。從(cong)安(an)全(quan)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)考慮，壓(ya)(ya)力容器(qi)要求(qiu)開設(she)的(de)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其(qi)小尺(chi)寸見“檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有碳鋼和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)不銹鋼。按受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)情況人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為常壓(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按形(xing)狀(zhuang)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為圓形(xing)、橢(tuo)圓形(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)矩形(xing)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用于常壓(ya)(ya)設(she)備；按安(an)裝(zhuang)位置人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為水平和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)垂直安(an)裝(zhuang)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固定方式有迥轉(zhuan)蓋(gai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)吊蓋(gai)；人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開后速度有普通式和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)快開式，人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構(gou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)尺(chi)寸一般都已(yi)標準化(hua)，可參(can)照有關手冊選用或(huo)設(she)計。